Which of the following substances are commonly abused that nurses should be alert to?

• A. Only illicit drugs
• B. Alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines, stimulants, and illicit drugs
• C. Prescription medications only
• D. Over-the-counter medications

Answer: (B)

The correct choice highlights a broad range of substances that are commonly abused, reflecting the diverse nature of substance use disorders. Alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines, stimulants, and illicit drugs are all significant concerns for healthcare providers, including nurses, as they are frequently encountered in clinical settings.

Alcohol is one of the most widely abused substances and can have severe health consequences, especially when mixed with other drugs. Opioids, which include both prescription pain relievers and illegal substances like heroin, have seen a dramatic increase in misuse and addiction rates, leading to a public health crisis. Benzodiazepines are often prescribed for anxiety or sleep disorders but can be misused, particularly in combination with other depressants. Stimulants, such as cocaine and prescription medications for ADHD, can also be abused, leading to dangerous health outcomes.

Recognizing the signs and symptoms of abuse across this spectrum allows nurses to provide appropriate interventions, education, and referrals for treatment. By being alert to these substances, nurses can play a critical role in preventing complications associated with substance abuse and in promoting patient safety.

This comprehensive understanding of common substances of abuse directly informs nursing practice, ensuring that healthcare professionals are equipped to address the multifaceted nature of substance use disorders in their